With a young, robust workforce, Afghanistan presents myriad opportunities for investment, growing at an astonishing pace-real growth domestic product has increased an average of 9.1% from 2003 to 2011. Strategically located between the resource-rich nations of Central Asia and international trade hubs in Southeast Asia, Afghanistan is uniquely poised to serve as a link between North and South, East and West. Afghanistan also boasts its own robust deposits of copper, iron, cobalt, gold, lithium, natural gas, and oil, which has facilitated investments in the extractive industries and a diverse array of down-stream enterprises, including construction, carpets, cashmere, and other artisanal goods, which are essential to a well-functioning economy.
Natural Resources
Minerals and hydrocarbons are key resources for Afghanistan's economic development because of their potential to generate significant revenue and create large numbers of jobs in exploration, extraction, processing, and other supporting industries such as construction, power, and logistics. In 2010, TFBSO estimated the value of Afghanistan's mineral resources at $908 billion, including high-value resources such as gold, iron, copper, and lithium. Afghanistan also possesses potentially significant oil and gas deposits. Accelerating development of these resources could create more than $2 billion in annual royalty and tax revenues for the Afghan Government.
Industry and Manufacturing
Industry and manufacturing are a major component of Afghanistan's economy, comprising 25% of the total GDP. Many firms in Afghanistan are involved in light manufacturing, and several produce more complex goods, such as medical equipment, advanced electrical distribution equipment, and recycled steel.
Transportation
Development in the transportation sector is critical to improving the infrastructure of Afghanistan. The need for an effective and accessible way to transport goods and people increases as the Afghan private sector grows. Presently, there are over 50 airports and more than 10 airline companies operating in Afghanistan. The first common carrier railroad reaches 75 kilometers and stretches from Hairatan on the Uzbekistan-Afghanistan border to Mazar-e-Sharif, Afghanistan.
Indigenous Goods
Afghan indigenous goods have the potential to be one of the largest sources of sustainable economic opportunity for Afghanistan. Traditional handmade goods, made from the country’s raw materials, could represent a profitable national brand unique to the international market.
Financial Services
The financial services sector in Afghanistan is quickly rebounding from years of neglect. Major financial institutions have reduced risk and lowered default rates, and several now provide working capital for Afghanistan's most promising enterprises by offering a broad portfolio of Sharia-compliant financing options, microfinance, and investments for Afghans across the country.
Communications
Communications is one of the most successful industries in the nation. Afghanistan has increased mobile subscribers by 300 times since 2001, and facilitated $1.2 billion of investments in the telecommunications sector. Four major service providers cover over 75% of the Afghanistan population, including rural villages and urban populations alike.
Agribusiness
Although, only 12.3% of Afghanistan’s land is arable, agriculture is the largest source of income for Afghanistan’s economy. Only about half of this arable land is currently cultivated, leaving many opportunities open for development in this sector. Revitalizing the agricultural sector, a key driver for the economy, is imperative to strengthening its infrastructure. Growth is available in many crops such as pomegranates, raisins, apples, almonds, and apricots.
Consumer Goods and Services
Although Afghanistan imports most of its goods and services, there is significant opportunity for investment and expansion for foreign and domestic firms. The hospitality sector continues to grow as Kabul welcomes a five-star Marriott hotel, and consumer products, such as bottled water and soft-drinks, find international investors from all over the world.
The economy of Afghanistan has improved significantly since 2002 due to the infusion of billions of dollars in international assistance and investments, as well as remittances from Afghan expats. The recent improvement is also due to dramatic improvements in agricultural production and the end of a four-year drought in most of the country.
From Afghanistan Business Database The economy of Afghanistan has improved significantly since 2002 due to the infusion of billions of US dollars in international assistance and investments, as well as remittances from expats. It is also due to dramatic improvements in agricultural production and the end of a four-year drought in most of the country. However, Afghanistan still remains one of the poorest and least developed countries in the world that is highly dependent on foreign aid. As of 2009, the nation’s GDP is $14 billion and the GDP per capita is $1,000.
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